Engineering blog
Field notes from shipping in production.
Architecture deep-dives and lessons from building systems that hold in hard markets.
Reaching every device: USSD, SMS, and WhatsApp
A smartphone-only product excludes real users in emerging markets. How we reach everyone with USSD, SMS, WhatsApp, voice, and email.
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Inside Kipaji: a multi-sided, mobile-money platform
How Kipaji composes six-plus stack layers, PWA, Cloudflare R2, Clerk, Neon, M-Pesa Daraja, and Africa's Talking, into one accountable production system.
Who owns it when payments break at 2am?
Idempotent callbacks, integer money, and proactive token refresh: treating M-Pesa as a first-class rail so a retry never double-charges a ticket.
Why we own the whole stack
Horizontal vendors broker the layers they cannot build. Owning the full delivery column is what lets a small senior team ship and operate complete products.
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